Smart Contracts

Practical Applications Of Merkle Trees

Merkle trees are a useful tool for blockchain developers offering a myriad of benefits, chief among them being the efficient verification of large data sets and proof of inclusion. By leveraging Merkle trees developers can significantly optimise gas costs and enhance the overall performance of their decentralised applications. In this article we will look at…

13/11/2024
Meridian 2024 Takeaways

Key Innovations and Infrastructure Developments from Meridian 2024 The recent Stellar Meridian conference and its preceding hackathon showcased significant developments in the Stellar Network’s ecosystem, highlighting how the platform is revolutionizing blockchain infrastructure and smart contract capabilities. From innovative on/off-ramp solutions to ground breaking smart wallets, Stellar is positioning itself as a formidable player in…

28/10/2024
Prediction Markets Solidity

Prediction markets are decentralized platforms where participants can bet on the outcome of future events. For example, people could bet on the outcome of a presidential election or a sports game. In this tutorial, we will walk through a smart contract built on Ethereum, which allows users to create and participate in prediction markets. The…

21/10/2024
Decentralized Lending Pools | Blend Capital

Overcollateralized lending has emerged as a cornerstone in the decentralised finance ecosystem, providing a secure and efficient way for users to borrow and lend digital assets. Blend Capital leverages this mechanism on Stellar’s Soroban smart contract platform, introducing a robust protocol for overcollateralized lending and borrowing. This article delves into how overcollateralized lending works, explores…

10/10/2024
Encrypting Private Keys in .env

It has become very normalised to store Ethereum private keys in plain text within .env files. While this is convenient, it’s a disaster waiting to happen when working in production with wallets that contain real funds. Today, I’ll show you a better way to manage your hot wallet keys using AES encryption. Full code for…

09/10/2024
Pump.fun Clone In Solidity

Pump.fun is a token factory that lets users create and trade memecoins on Solana with dynamic pricing along a bonding curve. In this article I’ll show how I went about converting this concept to Solidity and deploying it on Ethereum. Full code for this is open source at: https://github.com/jamesbachini/Pump.sol Token Factory Contract At the core…

20/09/2024
Creating Your Own Oracle Solidity & NodeJS

In this tutorial I’m going to go through the steps to setting up your own oracle service to bring data on-chain. We are going to be deploying a simple smart contract, then setting up a NodeJS client to fetch the price of Bitcoin, then uploading this to the contract. Full code for this is open…

16/09/2024
NFT Token Vault Solidity

This was inspired by the CryptoKitties WG0 token vault which accepts gen zero CryptoKitty deposits and mints 1 ERC20 token for each. Users can then buy tokens on exchange and claim NFT’s from the vault. The code is open source and available at: https://github.com/jamesbachini/NFTvault How The NFTvault Contract Works When you deposit your NFTs into…

27/08/2024
Creating an UpOnly ERC20 Token

In this tutorial we are going to create a ponzi game in the form of an ERC20 token that has an internal marketplace function. The idea is to increase the price over time so that early buyers get to dump on late buyers at a higher price. The last buyer will have no liquidity to…

26/08/2024
Solidity Virtual Pet

Let’s create a virtual pet in Solidity and deploy it to the blockchain. Full frontend and contract code for this tutorial can be found here: https://github.com/jamesbachini/Solidity-Virtual-Pet Demo here: https://jamesbachini.com/misc/SolidityPet/index.html Smart Contract Our pet is going to have two attributes for hunger and happiness. Hunger should increase over time and happiness should have a mechanism where…

19/08/2024
How To Check Token Balances Using Python

To check a wallet token balance on the Ethereum blockchain using Python you will need the following: Once we have our API key ready and Python installed we can install web3.py using the following command Now let’s create a file called balance.py and add the following code. Note the code is also available in the…

29/07/2024
DeFi Analysis With Rust

In this tutorial I’m going to provide some code and show you how to monitor the number of depositors to Eigenlayer over the last 24 hours. We will be using Rust with the Tokio and Ethers libraries along with the Infura API which you can get a free key from here. The first thing we…

10/07/2024
How To Lookup An ENS Name In Python

To check a wallet token balance on the Ethereum blockchain using Python you will need the following: Once we have our API key ready and Python installed we can install web3.py using the following command Now let’s create a file called enslookup.py and add the following code. Enter your Infura API key on line 5.…

26/06/2024
Radix DLT | DeFI Analysis Report

Radix is a layer one blockchain which has recently gone live on mainnet enabling developers to deploy scrypto smart contracts. In this report I’ll explore the novelties of the technology, dive into the scrypto programming language, look at the excellent developer resources, analyze the tokenomics of the native XRD token and draw a conclusion on…

03/10/2023
Hardhat Solidity Tutorial

Hardhat is an extensive framework for developing, testing and deploying solidity smart contracts. In this Hardhat Solidity tutorial you will learn how to set it up, how to create hardhat unit test tricks, working with hardhat scripts and finally some Hardhat tips and tricks for Solidity developers. Hardhat Easy Setup Hardhat is built on NodeJS…

26/09/2023
Hardhat vs Foundry

I started developing solidity with Truffle, then moved to Hardhat, then moved to Foundry, then moved back to Hardhat before eventually settling using both on a regular basis. In this article I’ll talk about the benefits and disadvantages of Hardhat and Foundry so you can make an informed decision about which framework is better for…

12/09/2023
Solidity Tutorial | Gas Paying NFT

The challenge is to create a NFT contract that charges 1 ETH to mint but then stores the entire amount as collateral in a liquid staking token. As staking rewards come in they get distributed to the holders of the NFTs. At any time a user can burn the NFT to reclaim the 1 ETH.…

22/08/2023
Chainlink CCIP | Cross-Chain Interoperability Protocol

From all the announcements at ETHcc, the release of Chainlink CCIP as a direct competitor to LayerZero for cross-chain communications and bridging technology, is perhaps the most interesting. The inherent security risks associated with bridging technology means that Chainlink are in a good position to leverage their brand and security record to gain traction in…

17/08/2023
Friend.Tech Trading Bot

I made a few hundred dollars with this trading bot when Friend.Tech launched. In this tutorial I’m going to show you how to take advantage of system trading web3 opportunities. James On YouTube Watch On YouTube: https://youtu.be/SLh8SN5DRc4 |Subscribe tl;dr Takeaways Trading On Friend.Tech Friend.Tech is a web3 social trading game. You can buy shares in…

13/08/2023
Uniswap v4 Hooks

Hooks in Uniswap v4 are external contracts that execute specific actions at certain points during the execution of a liquidity pool. These hooks provide flexibility and customization options for developers to create additional features for liquidity pools. Uniswap v4 hooks can be used to: A 3rd party developer can write a solidity hook contract with…

13/07/2023
Ultimate Guide To Hire A Solidity/Web3 Developer

In this comprehensive guide, I will explore how to hire a Solidity/Web3 developer. Contractor, Partner or Employee The first thing you need to decide is whether you want to hire someone on a permanent basis or not. With Solidity development the contracts don’t tend to get updated once they are deployed so the bulk of…

27/05/2023
How Wrapped Tokens Like wETH & wBTC Work

In this article we will look at how different wrapped tokens work and where the underlying collateral is stored. What Are Wrapped Tokens? Wrapped tokens are generally ERC20 tokens that represents another underlying asset, typically a cryptocurrency or real world asset. The purpose of wrapping a token is to enable its use within the DeFi…

25/05/2023
3 Tips For Gas Efficient Solidity Smart Contracts

Here are 3 tips which could be considered the low hanging fruit of gas efficient solidity smart contracts. James On YouTube Watch On YouTube: https://youtu.be/xfNHzqkMWEQ |Subscribe Use Correct Modifiers & Declarations This is the simplest way to get some small wins with gas optimisation. Go through your contract and define anything that shouldn’t change as…

24/05/2023
Introduction to Flash Loans | Unleashing Capital On Demand

In this tutorial on flash loans we will be creating a Solidity smart contract which takes a flash loan from Uniswap v3. This allows you to borrow huge amounts of capital with the catch that you have to pay it back in the same block or the whole transaction is reverted. James On YouTube Watch…

21/05/2023
Uniswap Market Maker Bot | Managing Token Liquidity On Uniswap

In this tutorial I am going to go through how I built a market maker bot to manage liquidity on Uniswap v3 for a token pair. The idea is to create a automated trading bot which buys tokens when price falls below a base line value and sells tokens when price is above the base…

20/05/2023
Ethers vs VIEM | Which Web3 Frontend Library?

Ether.js took over from Web3.js as the number one library for connecting up our dApps to smart contracts running on EVM blockchains. Recently Ethers v6 was released and VIEM is disrupting the space by offering a lightweight Ethereum client library from the authors of WAGMI react hooks. I have always been a big fan of…

19/05/2023
How To Create Your Own Memecoin With Solidity and Uniswap

In this tutorial we will be creating a permissionless, ERC20 memecoin and deploying it with a Uniswap v3 liquidity pool so users can buy it on the decentralized exchange. This tutorial is for demonstration purposes, don’t speculate on memecoins. James On YouTube Watch On YouTube: https://youtu.be/-bVzqtIa0bc |Subscribe The full source code for this is at:…

10/05/2023
Account Abstraction – ERC4337

ERC4337 is an Ethereum standard that achieves account abstraction on the protocol without any consensus-layer changes. Deployed on the Ethereum mainnet in March 2023, ERC4337 makes it possible to transact and create contracts in a single contract account. Account abstraction opens the door to user-friendly crypto wallet designs that could potentially facilitate broader adoption. How…

15/04/2023
Solidity Callback | Solidity Tips & Examples

A callback function in Solidity allows us to pass a function reference from one contract to another and have it execute as part of an atomic transaction. James On YouTube Watch On YouTube: https://youtu.be/pjm0eOelPXc |Subscribe Let’s first take a look at an example from the Solidity Snippets Github repo. Full code at: https://github.com/jamesbachini/Solidity-Snippets/blob/main/contracts/Callback.sol This code…

10/04/2023
Strings in Solidity | Solidity Tips & Examples

A string in Solidity is a data type used to store text. Working with strings in Solidity can be challenging due to the limitations and efficiency required by the Ethereum virtual machine. This article aims to provide a comprehensive guide on how to use strings in Solidity, covering their properties, limitations, and best practices for…

09/04/2023
Timestamp in Solidity | Solidity Tips & Examples

A timestamp is a numerical value that represents a specific moment in time. It’s often used to track when a certain event occurred or when a piece of data was created or modified. The most common way to represent a timestamp is by using the number of seconds that have elapsed since a specific moment…

08/04/2023
encodeCall in Solidity | Solidity Tips & Examples

From Solidity version 0.8.11 we can use an interface to define a function to pass to encodeCall parameters. encodeCall is a function that allows you to encode a function call with its parameters into a single byte array. This byte array can then be used to make a low-level call to another contract’s function. Here…

07/04/2023
Custom Error Handling in Solidity | Solidity Tips & Examples

Custom error handling enables Solidity developers to efficiently handle reverts and failed transactions including logging parameters. Let’s first take a look at an example from the Solidity Snippets Github repo: Note that the Solidity compiler version must be greater than 0.8.4 to use custom errors. Customer errors are supported by Etherscan and most other block…

06/04/2023
Solidity Libraries | Solidity Tips & Examples

A solidity library is a reusable contract that contains functions that can be called by other contracts. When you import a Solidity library into your contract, you can use the functions provided by the library. How To Import Solidity Libraries In your smart contract, you can import the library by using the import keyword followed…

05/04/2023
Random Numbers in Solidity | Solidity Tips & Examples

Generating a random number in Solidity is not as straightforward as in some other programming languages, because the Ethereum blockchain is deterministic, meaning that multiple execution clients or nodes must come to the same conclusion about the state of the blockchain. For many use cases using the new prevrandao global variable provides “good enough” randomness…

04/04/2023
Conditional Statements & Loops in Solidity | Solidity Tips & Examples

Conditional statements & loops in Solidity are fairly intuitive and follow the conventions of other languages such as Javascript. In this article we will go through some examples of each before looking at the relational operators we can use within these statements. if statement The “if” statement is used to execute a block of code…

03/04/2023
Natspec in Solidity | Solidity Tips & Examples

Natspec comments are important for Solidity developers to understand because sooner or later you will come across a code base that requires you work with them. Proponents will say Natspec makes the code more readable and understandable. While I personally disagree with this and prefer to separate code and documentation, the format is popular and…

02/04/2023
ERC1155 Token Contract | Solidity Tips & Examples

ERC1155 offers a more flexible and efficient way of managing fungible and non-fungible tokens, making it an attractive option for developers who want to create complex digital assets with multiple use cases. In this blog post, we’ll dive into the details of ERC1155 and explore why it’s becoming a preferred choice for Solidity developers looking…

01/04/2023
ERC721 Token Contract | Solidity Tips & Examples

The ERC721 Token contract is the original industry standard for NFTs (Non-fungible tokens). In this article we will look at a simple example and talk about some of the best practices around building ERC721 Tokens. James On YouTube Watch On YouTube: https://youtu.be/B64VBGt3tMU |Subscribe Why Use ERC721 Token ERC721 is a standard interface for NFTs on…

31/03/2023
ERC20 Token Contract | Solidity Tips & Examples

ERC20 tokens have become the de facto standard for creating tokens on Ethereum and are widely used in many DeFi protocols for things like governance and utility tokens. Why Use ERC20 Token Solidity developers use ERC20 tokens because they are the industry standard for fungible tokens (where every token is equal to another one). The…

31/03/2023
Merkle Tree in Solidity | Solidity Tips & Examples

Merkle Trees provide an efficient way to verify data in Solidity. This reduces the gas cost for on-chain storage when validating large data sets such as a large list of addresses. James On YouTube Watch On YouTube: https://youtu.be/NTPpyL4pJG0 |Subscribe How Do Merkle Trees Work Merkle trees are a data structure that allow efficient and secure…

30/03/2023
How To Emit Events in Solidity | Solidity Tips & Examples

A Solidity Event is a way for smart contracts to communicate with the outside world by providing a mechanism for emitting messages that can be observed by external applications. It’s like a signalling message that is broadcast when a certain condition is met within the smart contract. Emitting Events In Solidity Here is a simple…

29/03/2023
Bulk Send Tokens & ETH Contract | Solidity Tips & Examples

Sending payments in bulk can be a tedious and time-consuming process, especially when dealing with a large number of recipients. However, with a Solidity smart contract, bulk payments can be executed in a matter of seconds, providing a more efficient and cost-effective solution for managing bulk transfers. In this article, I will walk you through…

28/03/2023
Multiple Return Values | Solidity Tips & Examples

In Solidity we can multiple return values from a function. This enables us to efficiently move data about within the application flow of a smart contract. In this example we are returning three variables enclosed within brackets. Note that the data types of these variables are defined at the top of the function in the…

27/03/2023
Modifiers in Solidity | Solidity Tips & Examples

Modifiers in Solidity are a way to add a certain condition to functions within a smart contract. They allow developers to define a piece of code that can be reused across multiple functions and contracts, making your code more modular and easier to read. A modifier is defined using the modifier keyword, followed by a…

26/03/2023
Struct in Solidity | Solidity Tips & Examples

A struct in Solidity is a data type that allows you to group together multiple variables of different data types into a single unit. This is useful because it gives us a convenient container to package structured data, it enables us to pack variables into memory slots more efficiently and it allows us to get…

25/03/2023
Ownable Contracts | Solidity Tips & Examples

Ownable contracts in Solidity are used to implement access control for certain functions. The idea is that only the contract owner, who is typically the deployer of the contract, can execute these protected functions. To do this we will first import the OpenZeppelin library Inside our contract we can then add the onlyOwner modifier to…

24/03/2023
Payable Transfers | Solidity Tips & Examples

Payable transfers are one of a number of ways to send ether from a Solidity smart contract to an external address. In this next example we create a fallback function so that any user can send this contract ether and it will get split between the different addresses. Full code at: https://github.com/jamesbachini/Solidity-Snippets/blob/main/contracts/PaymentDivider.sol Payable fails if…

23/03/2023
Solidity Interface | Solidity Tips & Examples

A Solidity interface is code that provides a set of function declarations without any implementation details. Interfaces are used to interact with 3rd party contracts or external systems by defining a common set of functions that both parties agree to implement. Interfaces are used to define a contract’s external-facing functions, which is the only part…

22/03/2023
OpenZeppelin Libraries | Solidity Tips & Examples

OpenZeppelin libraries are popular for building secure smart contracts on top of pre-audited code in Solidity. The framework includes a number of reusable smart contract components, such as token contracts, access control contracts, and math libraries. In this article we will explore the various Libraries available within the OpenZeppelin framework to give you a tool…

21/03/2023
Arrays in Solidity | Solidity Tips & Examples

Arrays are a fundamental data structure in programming, and Solidity is no exception. In Solidity, there are several types of arrays available, including dynamic arrays, fixed-size arrays, and multi-dimensional arrays. Dynamic Arrays Dynamic arrays are the most common type of array in Solidity. These are arrays whose length can be changed during runtime. To declare…

20/03/2023
Get Contract Balance | Solidity Tips & Examples

To get the contract balance in solidity there are a few different methods depending on if you want the Ether balance or an ERC20 token balance. Contract Balance Eth You can use the address type’s balance property to get the balance of any address, including the contract’s own address. The this value is used to…

19/03/2023
Mapping in Solidity | Solidity Tips & Examples

This article explores how mapping in Solidity is used to for storing key->value pairs, where the keys are of a specific data type and the values can be of any data type. Mappings are declared using the mapping keyword, followed by the key data type in parentheses and the value data type after the parentheses.…

18/03/2023
Variables in Solidity | Solidity Tips & Examples

Variables in Solidity can be classified into several categories based on their data types and scope. In this article we will explore all the different uses of variables in Solidity and look at some example code. Variables in Solidity Solidity variables are used to store and manipulate data in our smart contracts. They come in…

17/03/2023
ERC721 vs ERC1155 | Solidity Tips & Examples

Today we will discuss the differences between ERC721 vs ERC1155 smart contracts and the use cases where each is best suited. These are the two most popular types of smart contracts used for the creation of NFTs (non-fungible tokens). James On YouTube Watch On YouTube: https://youtu.be/B64VBGt3tMU |Subscribe ERC721 Smart Contract ERC721 is the original standard…

16/03/2023
ERC20 Carbon Credits | Creating A Depleting Token

Carbon credits are used to tokenise finances put towards carbon offsetting. On-chain products often have a purchase and burn mechanism where a user must first purchase the token on a DEX and then manually execute a transaction to burn the token. I had the idea to create a automatically depleting token which you just hold…

13/03/2023
Timeframe & Budgets For Web3 Development

In this article I’m going to provide a timeframe, gantt chart and budget costs for web3 development projects. This assumes a medium sized project for something like a new, innovative DeFi protocol consisting of 5-10 interconnected smart contracts and around 1000 lines of code plus an external audit and dApp frontend. If you are just…

28/11/2022
Dynamic Evolving NFTs | How To Create Dynamic NFTs & dApps

Dynamic NFTs include logic that evolves the underlying data that the NFT contract holds. In this example we will build a picture profile NFT that is upgradeable to an alien 👽 All the source code for this project is available at: https://github.com/jamesbachini/WomenWhoCode Dynamic NFT Smart Contract The Solidity smart contracts will comprise of two tokens:…

23/11/2022
POAP vs NFT | A Guide With Examples

In this article we will look at what POAPs are and how their technology is built on top of NFT standards. We will also look at how to create simple POAPs and NFTs. In the conclusion I’ve put together some thoughts on why I think POAPs should only be used for fun and not for…

09/11/2022
SAFT Template | Simple Agreement Future Tokens

Below I’ve shared an example SAFT legal agreement and a smart contract which can be used to lock up tokens. James On YouTube Watch On YouTube: https://youtu.be/hpsegda6gvo |Subscribe What Is A SAFT? A SAFT is a simple agreement for future tokens. It is used primarily for blockchain projects to sell tokens at an early stage…

27/10/2022
Complete Introduction To Web3 Tutorial | Fullstack Web3 Development Tutorial

This video course provides a complete introduction to Web3 development. The Web3 tutorial starts with a simple Hello World smart contract and React frontend before diving in to create something useful on Ethereum mainnet. Introduction To Web3 Development James On YouTube Watch On YouTube: https://youtu.be/RwuG9HluFQY |Subscribe Hello World Smart Contract James On YouTube Watch On…

06/10/2022
Solidity Token Factory Contract Walkthrough

A token factory contract is used to deploy tokens from a parent contract within Solidity. In this simple example we will be deploying an ERC20 token from our factory contract. James On YouTube Watch On YouTube: https://youtu.be/MY9SoGPGVoo |Subscribe Full source code below and on Github: https://github.com/jamesbachini/Token-Factory-Tutorial We start with a standard ERC20 token using the…

25/09/2022
Aligning Founders, VC’s and Stakeholders Interests In A Smart Contract

The blockchain sector prides itself on openness and transparency. Except that is when it comes to early stage VC deals and token allocations. In this article we are going to look at an experimental solidity smart contract which lays out terms, vesting schedules and milestone bonuses on-chain. Team Allocations and VC Unlock Schedules This is…

25/08/2022
Ownable vs Permissionless Smart Contracts

One of the beautiful things about smart contracts is they can be permissionless where the developers relinquish control to the community and all users are treated equally. However less than 20% of the top 50 protocols by TVL on Ethereum are using fully permissionless contracts. In this article we will look at why this is,…

08/08/2022
Solidity Tutorial | Fixed Rate Staking Contract

In this tutorial we will create a fixed rate staking contract that pays out 1 token for every 1 token staked per year. The contract will be built on an OpenZeppelin ERC20 token library with additional functionality for staking. The user will stake their tokens which will lock them in the smart contract at what…

06/08/2022
Zero Knowledge Proof | How ZKP Works In Blockchain Applications

Zero knowledge proofs offer a method for developers to prove data validity or knowledge of data without revealing the data or additional information about the prover. Zero knowledge proofs are becoming widely used in blockchain applications from smart contracts like Tornado Cash to ZKrollups which are layer 2 blockchains on top of Ethereum. In this…

01/08/2022
3 Examples Of How To Use Assembly In Solidity

Ethereum developers can directly use assembly in Solidity to improve the performance of their code. When OpenSea released the Seaport upgrade it reported the use of assembly reduced gas fees by 35% saving it’s users an estimated $460m per year. Today we are going to go through some simple examples of how and when to…

04/07/2022
Solidity for Beginners

Solidity is the programming language used to develop smart contracts on Ethereum and other compatible blockchains. In this “Solidity for Beginners” tutorial I will take you from setting up solidity tools to deploying your first contract. James On YouTube Watch On YouTube: https://youtu.be/yM6oRMdMiTM |Subscribe Tools & Setup We will be starting in Remix which is…

22/06/2022
SBTs 👻 | Soulbound Token Solidity Example

Soulbound tokens are non-transferable digital assets. The core concept is storing on-chain data directly relating to a specific address. This is nothing new but there is potential for a ERC SBT contract to provide a industry standard for how we manage user data. James On YouTube Watch On YouTube: https://youtu.be/yCHeHI8hUY8 |Subscribe Ethereum gas costs make…

26/05/2022
Solidity Interface Examples | How To Connect The Lego Bricks Of DeFi

Solidity interfaces allow developers to call external contracts from within their own smart contract. This enables us to build on top of the existing DeFi ecosystem. In this tutorial we will be looking at how solidity interfaces work and going through some example code for common tasks. James On YouTube Watch On YouTube: https://youtu.be/GWZmklp7RTg |Subscribe…

24/05/2022
Hardhat Plugins & Hacks For Solidity Developers

Hardhat provides a lot of features out of the box but with the addition of some 3rd party plugins and some additional code snippets we can add custom functionality to streamline our testing and migration processes. Top 3 Hardhat Plugins These plugins add a lot of functionality to make your life as a developer easier…

14/05/2022
Foundry Tutorial | How To Debug & Deploy Solidity Smart Contracts

Foundry is a Solidity Framework for building, testing, fuzzing, debugging and deploying Solidity smart contracts. In this Foundry tutorial we will cover the following: Introduction To Foundry [Video] James On YouTube Watch On YouTube: https://youtu.be/VhaP9kYvlOA |Subscribe Smart contracts are most often written in Solidity but tested and deployed using Javascript frameworks such as Truffle or…

04/05/2022
5 DeFi Growth Metrics For Better Valuations

Growth metrics have been used by tech VC’s for years to predict and monitor companies growth patterns. Terms like CAC (Customer acquisition cost) and LTV (Lifetime value) are critical to how we value startups in the traditional space. In DeFi the landscape is different and the metrics that we use are too. However on-chain transparency…

29/03/2022
Tokenomics Boilerplate | Governance Tokens, Uniswap Buy-Backs and Staking in Solidity

In DeFi a projects success is greatly tied to the effectiveness of the tokenomics. Governance tokens can be distributed to the users to incentivise growth and fees can be used to buy these back on exchange. In this Solidity tutorial we are going to deploy a governance token, a Uniswap v3 liquidity pool, a buy…

10/02/2022
EthGlobal Hackathon | Winning $4300 And Advice For Future Participants

EthGlobal hackathons are the largest and most prestigious in the blockchain developer space. The February 2022 “Road To Web3” event was focused on the migration from web2 social networks to web3 technologies. Over the weekend around 400 teams built projects using sponsors technology including Polygon, Uniswap, Moralis and Web3Auth. This video talks about the experience…

09/02/2022
Introduction To DEX Arbitrage | Intermediate Solidity Tutorial

This Solidity tutorial will provide an introduction to DEX arbitrage with real, working, profitable open-source code. Solidity developers have the ability batch multiple swaps together and if they are not profitable revert the entire transaction only paying the transaction fee. The creation of EVM blockchains which have low transaction fees has created a playground for…

26/01/2022
How To Automate Yield Farming | Harvesting Rewards With A Quick & Dirty Script

Connect wallet, click button, confirm transaction. It gets old pretty quick, especially when you need to do it daily to compound returns. This tutorial takes you through the process of using a block explorer to find functions, calling those functions from a script and then executing to harvest and stake reward tokens. The aim is…

16/01/2022
Smart Contracts Simply Explained

This article is derived from a chapter in the free eBook explaining DeFi technologies:DeFi Demystified | An Introduction To Decentralized Finance Decentralized finance is built on smart contracts. The code that enables users to lend, borrow and swap tokens is all run on Ethereum’s virtual machine. Smart contracts are written (mainly) in the language of…

12/01/2022
Blockchain Developer Roadmap | A Guide To Learning Blockchain Development

This blockchain developer roadmap lays out a framework for learning blockchain development. It should provide a wealth of resources and information for aspiring blockchain developers. Blockchain Developer Roadmap James On YouTube Watch On YouTube: https://youtu.be/h-IcAZX7250 Understanding The Moving Parts There are a number of roles within the blockchain sector and an understanding of what each…

22/12/2021
DeFi Risk | A Framework For Assessing & Managing Risk in DeFi

The high yields available in decentralised finance come with a downside. DeFi risk is real and if you are participating in the markets then you should know how to assess and manage that risk. By building a risk assessment framework for yield farms and DeFi opportunities we can better assess fair value and allocate capital…

09/12/2021
How To Clone Safemoon

In this tutorial I’ll show you how to clone Safemoon and create your own token on Binance Smart Chain. I’m going to do this without any development tools using only a web browser with the metamask plugin. Safemoon is a cryptocurrency token with a function that taxes 10% of all transactions and redistributes 5% to…

06/12/2021
Intermediate Solidity Tutorial | Building On DeFi Lego Bricks With Hardhat 👷

In this intermediate solidity tutorial I’ll be building, testing and deploying a smart contract to rebalance a digital asset portfolio. The idea is to look at how we can work with external smart contracts to start building our own products on the lego bricks of DeFi. The Challenge To create a solidity smart contract to…

26/09/2021
Metaplex Tutorial | How To Mint & Sell Solana NFT’s

This Metaplex tutorial details how to build and deploy a Metaplex fork and then use it to create and sell a Solana NFT. What Is Metaplex The standard for building a NFT store and minting application on Solana is called Metaplex. It’s an open source framework which lets anyone mint and sell NFT artwork. The…

07/09/2021
Testnet Faucets | 13 Testnet Details Including Ethereum, BSC, Polygon, Avalanche, Solana & Bitcoin

Testnet faucets provide a risk free way to experiment with DeFi and cryptocurrency. You enter your address and get testnet tokens for free which hold no value. In this article I’ll be providing the latest details for all available public testnets. At the end I carry out some analysis to gain insights into developer activity…

22/08/2021
Bitcoin vs Ethereum | Everything You Need To Know About BTC & ETH

The Bitcoin vs Ethereum debate is passionately argued by maximalists for both sides. This article and video explains the fundamental differences in how they work, what makes them unique and why Ethereum carries more risk and potential reward. Bitcoin vs Ethereum [Video] James On YouTube Fundamental Differences In 2008 an anonymous developer using the pseudonym…

03/08/2021
Optimism Tutorial | How To Use Optimism On Ethereum

In this Optimism tutorial we will be looking at what Optimism layer 2 is, how to use it and how to develop smart contracts on the Ethereum layer 2. What is Optimism & Layer 2? Optimism is a layer 2 scaling solution for Ethereum which offers lower transaction fees. For consumers who are used to…

14/07/2021
Arbitrum Tutorial | How To Use The Ethereum Layer 2 Solution

This Arbitrum Tutorial explores what Arbitrum is and how it works, the opportunities layer 2’s present for investors and developers, before testing the deployment of smart contracts on the Arbitrum network and calculating gas fee reductions. What Is Arbitrum? Arbitrum is a layer 2 scaling solution for the Ethereum network. The L2 has opened it’s…

29/06/2021
How To Create A New Token And Uniswap Liquidity Pool

In this article I will create a new token and make it available to swap on a decentralised exchange. I’ll be deploying a solidity smart contract to mint an ERC20 token on Ethereum and setting up a liquidity pool on Uniswap v3. Create A New Token & Liquidity Pool [Video] This video provides an overview…

16/06/2021
Solidity Tutorial | For Developers Coming From Javascript, C++, Python

In this Solidity tutorial I’ll be going through the work flow to develop smart contracts on Ethereum using the Solidity programming language. Solidity Developer Tutorial [Video] James On YouTube Introduction To Solidity Smart Contracts Solidity is the programming language of Ethereum and many other blockchains that use the Ethereum virtual machine. A developer will write…

10/05/2021
Solana Tutorial | Building Smart Contracts & dApps For The Solana Hackathon

This Solana tutorial goes through a step by step process of setting up a development environment for Solana, writing and deploying smart contracts and my experiences with entering the Solana Hackathon. Getting Started With Solana Solana is a high performance modern blockchain with impressive throughput capabilities. It can handle 50,000 transactions per second which makes…

01/03/2021