Development
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Hardhat Solidity Tutorial
Hardhat is an extensive framework for developing, testing and deploying solidity smart contracts. In this Hardhat Solidity tutorial you will learn how to set it up, how to create hardhat unit test tricks, working with hardhat scripts and finally some Hardhat tips and tricks for Solidity developers. Hardhat Easy Setup Hardhat is built on NodeJS…
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NEAR BOS | Blockchain Operating System
Near BOS is a complete framework designed for creating, testing, deploying and distributing decentralized application frontends. Developers can create Javascript based dApps with the frontend code stored and distributed from a blockchain. It is blockchain agnostic so you can store data on Near and EVM chains. BOS is a collection of components, blockchains & gateways.…
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Celestia | Modular AppChains
Celestia is one of the most widely used scaling solutions for projects that need high throughput, cheap transactions on a dedicated decentralized public blockchain. The aim is for “developers to deploy their own blockchain as easy as deploying a new smart contract” This is a write up of my internal research notes, this is not…
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Smol dApp | MultiSafe MultiChain MultiSig Wallets
Smol dApp is like a swiss army knife of useful tools for DeFi. Their main offerings are: The product we are going to look at todays is their flagship MultiSafe wallets. This is a GnosisSafeProxy contract which requires a set number of wallets to sign off on a transaction before it goes through. For example…
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Hardhat vs Foundry
I started developing solidity with Truffle, then moved to Hardhat, then moved to Foundry, then moved back to Hardhat before eventually settling using both on a regular basis. In this article I’ll talk about the benefits and disadvantages of Hardhat and Foundry so you can make an informed decision about which framework is better for…
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Calculating The Intrinsic Value Of Bitcoin & Ethereum
Calculating the intrinsic value of Bitcoin, Ethereum and other digital assets is challenging due to its intangible nature. In this analysis I’m going to discuss common methods of calculating intrinsic value and then create a model using a combination of the methods. tl;dr based on the models described below: Methods Of Calculating Intrinsic Value Store…
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The Essential Checklist For Deploying A New Token
In this article we are going to look at all the things that need doing when launching a new token to create a token deployment checklist for developers and founders. At the end there is a big list of all the token listing sites that you can submit your new token to. Unit Tests &…
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Solidity Tutorial | Gas Paying NFT
The challenge is to create a NFT contract that charges 1 ETH to mint but then stores the entire amount as collateral in a liquid staking token. As staking rewards come in they get distributed to the holders of the NFTs. At any time a user can burn the NFT to reclaim the 1 ETH.…
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Web3 PWA Boilerplate | How To Create Next Generation dApps
One of Web3’s biggest issues is getting around the centralization of app stores and their stringent terms on the commission requirements for digital asset payments and transfers. Progressive Web Apps (PWAs) in my opinion are the best solution as it allows you to install dApps directly on to a mobile device without using the app…
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Chainlink CCIP | Cross-Chain Interoperability Protocol
From all the announcements at ETHcc, the release of Chainlink CCIP as a direct competitor to LayerZero for cross-chain communications and bridging technology, is perhaps the most interesting. The inherent security risks associated with bridging technology means that Chainlink are in a good position to leverage their brand and security record to gain traction in…
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Using Ethereum To Offset Bitcoin’s Carbon Footprint
Never have I sounded more like an Ethereum maxi, but there is a point beyond the provocative title. In this post I’m going to explore the potential for investors to use carbon credit tokens on Ethereum to offset the electrical consumption of BTC mining on their Bitcoin holdings. This novel idea provides the opportunity to…
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Friend.Tech Trading Bot
I made a few hundred dollars with this trading bot when Friend.Tech launched. In this tutorial I’m going to show you how to take advantage of system trading web3 opportunities. James On YouTube Watch On YouTube: https://youtu.be/SLh8SN5DRc4 |Subscribe tl;dr Takeaways Trading On Friend.Tech Friend.Tech is a web3 social trading game. You can buy shares in…
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A Close Look at PYUSD | Implications Of The PayPal Stablecoin
In August 2023 Paypal unveiled their new stablecoin, an ERC20 token built on Ethereum. The code is open source, the contract is verified on Etherscan, it’s a real token which is going to be available to Paypal’s 435m users. What Is pyUSD & How Does It Work The Paypal stablecoin was developed in partnership with…
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How To Shuffle A Deck Of Cards In Solidity
In this post I explore how to simulate the shuffling of a deck of cards, addressing the challenges of randomness and predictability in a solidity smart contract environment where every input and output is part of the public record. Whether you’re looking to create an on-chain poker game, a collectible card game, or you’re simply…
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The Secrets Web3 Marketers Use To Launch New Crypto Projects
My previous background in digital marketing and now having worked in the blockchain sector for 6 years provides unique vantage point on the differences between conventional and web3 marketing. Successful crypto projects create communities of advocates who act as micro-influencers championing the cause. In this article I’ll discuss why “build it and they will come”…
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Card Payments For Crypto With Wert
One of the challenges cryptocurrency projects face is the seamless integration of traditional payment systems, such as credit/debit card payments, into their crypto based ecosystems. The issue derives from the potential for fraud because card payments can be reversed long after the transaction has taken place, while crypto transactions are immutable. This is a write…
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Automate Solidity With MEV
There are no cron jobs in Solidity or native to the Ethereum blockchain. To automate Solidity code we can either use an external service/oracle or we can incentivise MEV searchers to complete tasks efficiently on our behalf. This type of Solidity automation is very common and used widely across liquidation systems which require reliable, fast,…
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Solana SoLang Tutorial | How To Deploy Solidity On Solana
In this SoLang tutorial I’ll show you how to deploy Solidity code on Solana. We will start by setting up a dev environment before looking at some of the nuances in writing SoLang contracts. I’ll end on a few security considerations and a comparison to developing on Solana with SoLang vs Rust. Setting Up A…
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Infura vs Alchemy
Most users connect to blockchains using RPC node services. This is sometimes taken care of in the background, for example Metamask uses Infura nodes to send and receive transactions. Web3 developers use custom RPC nodes for their deployment scripts and transactions. Operating the nodes requires a reliable infrastructure service, and two of the most popular…
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Building LayerZero OFT Tokens In Solidity
LayerZero OFT tokens are a new standard for cross-chain assets. OFT’s (Omnichain Fungible Tokens) are not actually tokens themselves, but rather a set of instructions that tell LayerZero how to transfer tokens between different blockchains. In this tutorial we will be building a LayerZero OFT ERC20 token using Solidity and Remix. How LayerZero OFT Tokens…
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XRP Legal Case | What It Means For Developers
In this article I’m going to be breaking down the document filed by judge Torres yesterday and consider what it means to developers working in the blockchain and web3 space. Highlights From The Ruling The full document is available here:https://www.nysd.uscourts.gov/sites/default/files/2023-07/SEC%20vs%20Ripple%207-13-23.pdf I’ve picked out some highlights Programmatic SalesHaving considered the economic reality of the Programmatic Sales,…
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Uniswap v4 Hooks
Hooks in Uniswap v4 are external contracts that execute specific actions at certain points during the execution of a liquidity pool. These hooks provide flexibility and customization options for developers to create additional features for liquidity pools. Uniswap v4 hooks can be used to: A 3rd party developer can write a solidity hook contract with…
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3 Ways To Raise Web3 Funding
In this article I’ll explore 3 ways in which you can raise funds for your project with web3 products. Membership NFT A NFT is a non-fungible token, they are often represented as a unique image which can contain additional rights such as: To execute a NFT drop, the following steps can be taken: If any…
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Solidity Error Codes | Not Always What They Seem
I get a lot of comments from Solidity tutorial videos and in Github issues asking how to resolve common solidity error codes. In this article I’ll go through some of the most frequent solidity issues, what they mean and how to resolve them. UNPREDICTABLE_GAS_LIMIT This is the most common and confusing error in Solidity The…
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Lybra Finance | DeFi Analysis Report
Lybra Finance allows stETH stakers to mint the eUSD stablecoin which has a 7.2% APY. This is a write up of my internal research notes, this is not a sponsored post however I have purchased an allocation of LBR Lybra Finance’s governance token in my personal portfolio. Do your own research, not investment advice. Update…
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Assessing Smart Contract Security Auditors
A smart contract audit can cost anything from $5,000-$250,000 USD. Within this range there is a wide range of services, some offer better value for money than others. In this article I will go through the options for founders looking to hire an auditor and some of the checks you can do to ensure you…
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Gnosis Safe | The Most Secure Multisig Wallet For Your Crypto
Gnosis Safe multisig wallets are used by institutions and individuals to hold some of the largest quantities of funds on the Ethereum network. The free to use wallet includes multisignature functionality for enhanced security and control over digital assets. It is developed by Gnosis, a blockchain technology company based out of Switzerland and Germany, known…
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Ethereum Improvement Proposal | How To Submit An EIP
Submitting an Ethereum Improvement Proposal (EIP) is a straightforward process that allows you to contribute your ideas and suggestions to the Ethereum community. Here’s a step-by-step guide on how to submit an EIP: What Is An Ethereum Improvement Proposal An Ethereum Improvement Proposal (EIP) is a formal document that provides technical specifications and rationales for…
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Ultimate Guide To Hire A Solidity/Web3 Developer
In this comprehensive guide, I will explore how to hire a Solidity/Web3 developer. Contractor, Partner or Employee The first thing you need to decide is whether you want to hire someone on a permanent basis or not. With Solidity development the contracts don’t tend to get updated once they are deployed so the bulk of…
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How Wrapped Tokens Like wETH & wBTC Work
In this article we will look at how different wrapped tokens work and where the underlying collateral is stored. What Are Wrapped Tokens? Wrapped tokens are generally ERC20 tokens that represents another underlying asset, typically a cryptocurrency or real world asset. The purpose of wrapping a token is to enable its use within the DeFi…
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3 Tips For Gas Efficient Solidity Smart Contracts
Here are 3 tips which could be considered the low hanging fruit of gas efficient solidity smart contracts. James On YouTube Watch On YouTube: https://youtu.be/xfNHzqkMWEQ |Subscribe Use Correct Modifiers & Declarations This is the simplest way to get some small wins with gas optimisation. Go through your contract and define anything that shouldn’t change as…
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Snapshot | Gasless Voting for Decentralized Communities
In decentralized communities voting plays a crucial role in governance and development of roadmaps. Snapshot is disrupting the traditional DAO voting model with a gas free voting platform. This is not a sponsored post and I have no stake in Snapshot, I do however like to use and promote open source tools which enable decentralized…
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Introduction to Flash Loans | Unleashing Capital On Demand
In this tutorial on flash loans we will be creating a Solidity smart contract which takes a flash loan from Uniswap v3. This allows you to borrow huge amounts of capital with the catch that you have to pay it back in the same block or the whole transaction is reverted. James On YouTube Watch…
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Uniswap Market Maker Bot | Managing Token Liquidity On Uniswap
In this tutorial I am going to go through how I built a market maker bot to manage liquidity on Uniswap v3 for a token pair. The idea is to create a automated trading bot which buys tokens when price falls below a base line value and sells tokens when price is above the base…
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Ethers vs VIEM | Which Web3 Frontend Library?
Ether.js took over from Web3.js as the number one library for connecting up our dApps to smart contracts running on EVM blockchains. Recently Ethers v6 was released and VIEM is disrupting the space by offering a lightweight Ethereum client library from the authors of WAGMI react hooks. I have always been a big fan of…
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How To Create A BRC20 Bitcoin Token
In this tutorial we will create our own BRC20 token on the Bitcoin network. James On YouTube Watch On YouTube: https://youtu.be/6eTN2fVd4Pw |Subscribe What are BRC20 Tokens? BRC20 tokens are created using the Bitcoin Ordinals protocol. The Ordinals protocol is a set of rules that govern how inscriptions are created, transferred and managed. Bitcoin and the…
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Hyperledger Fabric | IBM’s Enterprise Blockchain
Hyperledger Fabric is a permissioned blockchain platform designed for developing enterprise grade distributed ledger applications. How Does Hyperledger Fabric Work? Hyperledger Fabric uses a pre-authorised network of nodes, with each node storing a copy of the blockchain ledger. It is EVM based which means you can run Solidity code there, all be it with some…
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Taproot Explained | Beneficial For Bitcoin?
The Taproot Bitcoin upgrade was activated on November 14th 2021. It was designed to improve privacy, efficiency and the network’s ability to process custom logic. The upgrade inadvertently made it possible to link metadata to Bitcoin transactions. By using ordinal theory it is possible to inscribe each satoshi (lowest denomination of Bitcoin) with a corresponding…
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How To Create Your Own Memecoin With Solidity and Uniswap
In this tutorial we will be creating a permissionless, ERC20 memecoin and deploying it with a Uniswap v3 liquidity pool so users can buy it on the decentralized exchange. This tutorial is for demonstration purposes, don’t speculate on memecoins. James On YouTube Watch On YouTube: https://youtu.be/-bVzqtIa0bc |Subscribe The full source code for this is at:…
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What is Pepe | A Memecoin Story
The Pepe memecoin is a cryptocurrency based on the Pepe the Frog meme, which originated on the imageboard website 4chan in 2005. The meme gained mainstream popularity in 2016 when it was adopted by supporters of then-presidential candidate Donald Trump. PepeToken is an ERC20 token on the Ethereum blockchain. It is widely traded across many…
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Advice For Hackathons | 9 Tips For Competing In Hackathons
Hackathons are a great way to socialise with other developers and build projects over a short period of time for fun and profit. James On YouTube Watch On YouTube: https://youtu.be/mnBofeo1Ib0 |Subscribe Work on something you are passionate about This starts with choosing a hackathon that is based on tech that you are interested in. I’m…
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Account Abstraction – ERC4337
ERC4337 is an Ethereum standard that achieves account abstraction on the protocol without any consensus-layer changes. Deployed on the Ethereum mainnet in March 2023, ERC4337 makes it possible to transact and create contracts in a single contract account. Account abstraction opens the door to user-friendly crypto wallet designs that could potentially facilitate broader adoption. How…
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Bitcoin Ordinals
Bitcoin ordinals are a means of creating NFTs by attaching data such as images, videos, and more to an individual satoshi on the base Bitcoin blockchain. They use an arbitrary but logical ordering system called ordinal theory to give each individual Bitcoin satoshi a unique non-fungible reference. What Are Bitcoin Ordinals? Bitcoin ordinals, also known…
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Solidity vs Vyper
Solidity and Vyper are the two most popular programming languages for blockchain developers on Ethereum. Both of these languages have their own strengths and weaknesses which we will go through to help developers decide which is best suited for their project. Solidity Solidity is the most widely used programming language for developing smart contracts on…
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Sign In With Ethereum Tutorial
To sign in with Ethereum using Metamask we will be using the ERC4361 specification that allows Ethereum accounts to authenticate with off-chain services using a standard message format. This technology offer users a self-custodial alternative to centralized identity providers that generally use email:password credentials. In Web3 applications we can improve user experiences and establish a…
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Solidity Callback | Solidity Tips & Examples
A callback function in Solidity allows us to pass a function reference from one contract to another and have it execute as part of an atomic transaction. James On YouTube Watch On YouTube: https://youtu.be/pjm0eOelPXc |Subscribe Let’s first take a look at an example from the Solidity Snippets Github repo. Full code at: https://github.com/jamesbachini/Solidity-Snippets/blob/main/contracts/Callback.sol This code…
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Strings in Solidity | Solidity Tips & Examples
A string in Solidity is a data type used to store text. Working with strings in Solidity can be challenging due to the limitations and efficiency required by the Ethereum virtual machine. This article aims to provide a comprehensive guide on how to use strings in Solidity, covering their properties, limitations, and best practices for…
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Timestamp in Solidity | Solidity Tips & Examples
A timestamp is a numerical value that represents a specific moment in time. It’s often used to track when a certain event occurred or when a piece of data was created or modified. The most common way to represent a timestamp is by using the number of seconds that have elapsed since a specific moment…
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encodeCall in Solidity | Solidity Tips & Examples
From Solidity version 0.8.11 we can use an interface to define a function to pass to encodeCall parameters. encodeCall is a function that allows you to encode a function call with its parameters into a single byte array. This byte array can then be used to make a low-level call to another contract’s function. Here…
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Custom Error Handling in Solidity | Solidity Tips & Examples
Custom error handling enables Solidity developers to efficiently handle reverts and failed transactions including logging parameters. Let’s first take a look at an example from the Solidity Snippets Github repo: Note that the Solidity compiler version must be greater than 0.8.4 to use custom errors. Customer errors are supported by Etherscan and most other block…
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Solidity Libraries | Solidity Tips & Examples
A solidity library is a reusable contract that contains functions that can be called by other contracts. When you import a Solidity library into your contract, you can use the functions provided by the library. How To Import Solidity Libraries In your smart contract, you can import the library by using the import keyword followed…
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Random Numbers in Solidity | Solidity Tips & Examples
Generating a random number in Solidity is not as straightforward as in some other programming languages, because the Ethereum blockchain is deterministic, meaning that multiple execution clients or nodes must come to the same conclusion about the state of the blockchain. For many use cases using the new prevrandao global variable provides “good enough” randomness…
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Conditional Statements & Loops in Solidity | Solidity Tips & Examples
Conditional statements & loops in Solidity are fairly intuitive and follow the conventions of other languages such as Javascript. In this article we will go through some examples of each before looking at the relational operators we can use within these statements. if statement The “if” statement is used to execute a block of code…
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Natspec in Solidity | Solidity Tips & Examples
Natspec comments are important for Solidity developers to understand because sooner or later you will come across a code base that requires you work with them. Proponents will say Natspec makes the code more readable and understandable. While I personally disagree with this and prefer to separate code and documentation, the format is popular and…
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How The Twitter Algorithm Works
On the 31st March 2023 Twitter open-sourced large sections of it’s algorithm which ranks content. This provided refreshing insights into how large scale social media applications rank content. In this article I’m going to look at how the algorithm works and how content creators can use this new information to gain more reach and influence.…
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ERC1155 Token Contract | Solidity Tips & Examples
ERC1155 offers a more flexible and efficient way of managing fungible and non-fungible tokens, making it an attractive option for developers who want to create complex digital assets with multiple use cases. In this blog post, we’ll dive into the details of ERC1155 and explore why it’s becoming a preferred choice for Solidity developers looking…
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ERC721 Token Contract | Solidity Tips & Examples
The ERC721 Token contract is the original industry standard for NFTs (Non-fungible tokens). In this article we will look at a simple example and talk about some of the best practices around building ERC721 Tokens. James On YouTube Watch On YouTube: https://youtu.be/B64VBGt3tMU |Subscribe Why Use ERC721 Token ERC721 is a standard interface for NFTs on…
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ERC20 Token Contract | Solidity Tips & Examples
ERC20 tokens have become the de facto standard for creating tokens on Ethereum and are widely used in many DeFi protocols for things like governance and utility tokens. Why Use ERC20 Token Solidity developers use ERC20 tokens because they are the industry standard for fungible tokens (where every token is equal to another one). The…
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Merkle Tree in Solidity | Solidity Tips & Examples
Merkle Trees provide an efficient way to verify data in Solidity. This reduces the gas cost for on-chain storage when validating large data sets such as a large list of addresses. James On YouTube Watch On YouTube: https://youtu.be/NTPpyL4pJG0 |Subscribe How Do Merkle Trees Work Merkle trees are a data structure that allow efficient and secure…
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How To Emit Events in Solidity | Solidity Tips & Examples
A Solidity Event is a way for smart contracts to communicate with the outside world by providing a mechanism for emitting messages that can be observed by external applications. It’s like a signalling message that is broadcast when a certain condition is met within the smart contract. Emitting Events In Solidity Here is a simple…
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Bulk Send Tokens & ETH Contract | Solidity Tips & Examples
Sending payments in bulk can be a tedious and time-consuming process, especially when dealing with a large number of recipients. However, with a Solidity smart contract, bulk payments can be executed in a matter of seconds, providing a more efficient and cost-effective solution for managing bulk transfers. In this article, I will walk you through…
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Multiple Return Values | Solidity Tips & Examples
In Solidity we can multiple return values from a function. This enables us to efficiently move data about within the application flow of a smart contract. In this example we are returning three variables enclosed within brackets. Note that the data types of these variables are defined at the top of the function in the…
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Modifiers in Solidity | Solidity Tips & Examples
Modifiers in Solidity are a way to add a certain condition to functions within a smart contract. They allow developers to define a piece of code that can be reused across multiple functions and contracts, making your code more modular and easier to read. A modifier is defined using the modifier keyword, followed by a…
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Struct in Solidity | Solidity Tips & Examples
A struct in Solidity is a data type that allows you to group together multiple variables of different data types into a single unit. This is useful because it gives us a convenient container to package structured data, it enables us to pack variables into memory slots more efficiently and it allows us to get…
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Ownable Contracts | Solidity Tips & Examples
Ownable contracts in Solidity are used to implement access control for certain functions. The idea is that only the contract owner, who is typically the deployer of the contract, can execute these protected functions. To do this we will first import the OpenZeppelin library Inside our contract we can then add the onlyOwner modifier to…
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Payable Transfers | Solidity Tips & Examples
Payable transfers are one of a number of ways to send ether from a Solidity smart contract to an external address. In this next example we create a fallback function so that any user can send this contract ether and it will get split between the different addresses. Full code at: https://github.com/jamesbachini/Solidity-Snippets/blob/main/contracts/PaymentDivider.sol Payable fails if…
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Solidity Interface | Solidity Tips & Examples
A Solidity interface is code that provides a set of function declarations without any implementation details. Interfaces are used to interact with 3rd party contracts or external systems by defining a common set of functions that both parties agree to implement. Interfaces are used to define a contract’s external-facing functions, which is the only part…
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OpenZeppelin Libraries | Solidity Tips & Examples
OpenZeppelin libraries are popular for building secure smart contracts on top of pre-audited code in Solidity. The framework includes a number of reusable smart contract components, such as token contracts, access control contracts, and math libraries. In this article we will explore the various Libraries available within the OpenZeppelin framework to give you a tool…
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Arrays in Solidity | Solidity Tips & Examples
Arrays are a fundamental data structure in programming, and Solidity is no exception. In Solidity, there are several types of arrays available, including dynamic arrays, fixed-size arrays, and multi-dimensional arrays. Dynamic Arrays Dynamic arrays are the most common type of array in Solidity. These are arrays whose length can be changed during runtime. To declare…
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Get Contract Balance | Solidity Tips & Examples
To get the contract balance in solidity there are a few different methods depending on if you want the Ether balance or an ERC20 token balance. Contract Balance Eth You can use the address type’s balance property to get the balance of any address, including the contract’s own address. The this value is used to…
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Mapping in Solidity | Solidity Tips & Examples
This article explores how mapping in Solidity is used to for storing key->value pairs, where the keys are of a specific data type and the values can be of any data type. Mappings are declared using the mapping keyword, followed by the key data type in parentheses and the value data type after the parentheses.…
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Variables in Solidity | Solidity Tips & Examples
Variables in Solidity can be classified into several categories based on their data types and scope. In this article we will explore all the different uses of variables in Solidity and look at some example code. Variables in Solidity Solidity variables are used to store and manipulate data in our smart contracts. They come in…
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ERC721 vs ERC1155 | Solidity Tips & Examples
Today we will discuss the differences between ERC721 vs ERC1155 smart contracts and the use cases where each is best suited. These are the two most popular types of smart contracts used for the creation of NFTs (non-fungible tokens). James On YouTube Watch On YouTube: https://youtu.be/B64VBGt3tMU |Subscribe ERC721 Smart Contract ERC721 is the original standard…
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ERC20 Carbon Credits | Creating A Depleting Token
Carbon credits are used to tokenise finances put towards carbon offsetting. On-chain products often have a purchase and burn mechanism where a user must first purchase the token on a DEX and then manually execute a transaction to burn the token. I had the idea to create a automatically depleting token which you just hold…
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Anonymous Developer Tutorial | How & Why You Should Code Anonymously
There are plenty of articles and content about why you should be an anonymous developer for blockchain projects but I haven’t seen much content about best practices and how to actually set up an anonymous development environment. In this article we will cover the following:- Anonymous Developer Video Tutorial James On YouTube Watch On YouTube:…
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Advanced MidJourney Prompt Engineering | Unleash Your Inner Artist
As the leading AI image generator, MidJourney consistently produces stunning, high-quality images that range from the bizarre to the breathtaking. As someone who lacks artistic talent, I’ve taken the time to study and master this tool, and in this post I share my insights and tips for getting the most out of it. Follow my…
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Advanced ChatGPT Prompt Engineering
By now you have probably experimented with ChatGPT and realised the huge potential this “calculator for words” has. In this article I share the results of my research on how to make the most of this powerful tool. Whether you’re using ChatGPT as a personal assistant or in a professional setting, you’ll find some valuable…
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Remixd Tutorial | How To Take The Solidity IDE To The Next Level
I’ve gone full circle from Remix > Hardhat > Foundry > Remix I find that I enjoy coding most when I’m experimenting with ideas and proof of concepts within the Remix IDE at https://remix.ethereum.org However for more serious projects I inevitably find myself moving out of creative mode and into testing mode in either Hardhat…
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LayerZero Example | How To Send Cross-Chain Messages In Solidity
In this article we are going to look at how to send messages or data from one chain to another. In this LayerZero example we will be sending a string from Ethereum’s Goerli Testnet to Optimisms Layer 2 Goerli Testnet. Cross-Chain Tutorial Video James On YouTube Watch On YouTube: https://youtu.be/rKVhQHmljXM |Subscribe How LayerZero Works LayerZero…
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How To Debug Solidity Smart Contracts
If you’ve ever received a “gas message” error which makes no sense in Solidity then you’ve probably come across one of it’s greatest flaws. Error reporting and debugging isn’t great for blockchain developers but in this tutorial I’m going to provide some tips, tools and resources to debug Solidity smart contracts. James On YouTube Watch…
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RAILGUN 2.0 | ZK Privacy Protocol
Railgun just announced the launch of version 2.0 this week and in this article we are going to explore the zero knowledge wallet and discuss why privacy protocols are important. In August 2022 Alexey Pertsev was arrested and he has been imprisoned without trial ever since. He was a developer on a ZK mixer called…
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Timeframe & Budgets For Web3 Development
In this article I’m going to provide a timeframe, gantt chart and budget costs for web3 development projects. This assumes a medium sized project for something like a new, innovative DeFi protocol consisting of 5-10 interconnected smart contracts and around 1000 lines of code plus an external audit and dApp frontend. If you are just…
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Dynamic Evolving NFTs | How To Create Dynamic NFTs & dApps
Dynamic NFTs include logic that evolves the underlying data that the NFT contract holds. In this example we will build a picture profile NFT that is upgradeable to an alien 👽 All the source code for this project is available at: https://github.com/jamesbachini/WomenWhoCode Dynamic NFT Smart Contract The Solidity smart contracts will comprise of two tokens:…
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POAP vs NFT | A Guide With Examples
In this article we will look at what POAPs are and how their technology is built on top of NFT standards. We will also look at how to create simple POAPs and NFTs. In the conclusion I’ve put together some thoughts on why I think POAPs should only be used for fun and not for…
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SAFT Template | Simple Agreement Future Tokens
Below I’ve shared an example SAFT legal agreement and a smart contract which can be used to lock up tokens. James On YouTube Watch On YouTube: https://youtu.be/hpsegda6gvo |Subscribe What Is A SAFT? A SAFT is a simple agreement for future tokens. It is used primarily for blockchain projects to sell tokens at an early stage…
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Ethereum DevCon Bogotá Write Up
In this post I’m going to try to summarise some of the most interesting talks at from DevCon 2022. Here’s a video summary about the key takeaways from the conference. James On YouTube Watch On YouTube: https://youtu.be/kgiAV7z1fwo |Subscribe The main topics for this years event were: One of the best things about the event is…
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Complete Introduction To Web3 Tutorial | Fullstack Web3 Development Tutorial
This video course provides a complete introduction to Web3 development. The Web3 tutorial starts with a simple Hello World smart contract and React frontend before diving in to create something useful on Ethereum mainnet. Introduction To Web3 Development James On YouTube Watch On YouTube: https://youtu.be/RwuG9HluFQY |Subscribe Hello World Smart Contract James On YouTube Watch On…
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Solidity Token Factory Contract Walkthrough
A token factory contract is used to deploy tokens from a parent contract within Solidity. In this simple example we will be deploying an ERC20 token from our factory contract. James On YouTube Watch On YouTube: https://youtu.be/MY9SoGPGVoo |Subscribe Full source code below and on Github: https://github.com/jamesbachini/Token-Factory-Tutorial We start with a standard ERC20 token using the…
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Trading The Merge
Once or twice a year the crypto markets align to provide exceptional trading volumes and volatility. I believe the Ethereum merge will presents one such opportunity for low time frame system trading. James On YouTube Watch On YouTube: https://youtu.be/3ltpF4UGir4 |Subscribe About The Ethereum Merge The merge is happening in just a few days. This is…
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The State Of CBDC Central Bank Digital Currency
Nation states across the world are exploring CBDC’s (central bank digital currency). Many governments including France, Canada, Saudi Arabia & China have pilot schemes already in place. The US dollar is the global reserve currency, it’s used throughout the world as a base asset and more recently as a political weapon in the form of…
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Aligning Founders, VC’s and Stakeholders Interests In A Smart Contract
The blockchain sector prides itself on openness and transparency. Except that is when it comes to early stage VC deals and token allocations. In this article we are going to look at an experimental solidity smart contract which lays out terms, vesting schedules and milestone bonuses on-chain. Team Allocations and VC Unlock Schedules This is…
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Dune Analytics Tutorial | How To Create A Dune Analytics Dashboard
In this Dune Analytics Tutorial we will look at how the platform works and get up to speed with creating our own queries, visualisations and dashboards to analyse and present blockchain data. Queries, Visualisations & Dashboards Dune Analytics dashboards are built using a 3 step process. First we make SQL queries to pull data into…
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Ownable vs Permissionless Smart Contracts
One of the beautiful things about smart contracts is they can be permissionless where the developers relinquish control to the community and all users are treated equally. However less than 20% of the top 50 protocols by TVL on Ethereum are using fully permissionless contracts. In this article we will look at why this is,…
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Solidity Tutorial | Fixed Rate Staking Contract
In this tutorial we will create a fixed rate staking contract that pays out 1 token for every 1 token staked per year. The contract will be built on an OpenZeppelin ERC20 token library with additional functionality for staking. The user will stake their tokens which will lock them in the smart contract at what…
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Zero Knowledge Proof | How ZKP Works In Blockchain Applications
Zero knowledge proofs offer a method for developers to prove data validity or knowledge of data without revealing the data or additional information about the prover. Zero knowledge proofs are becoming widely used in blockchain applications from smart contracts like Tornado Cash to ZKrollups which are layer 2 blockchains on top of Ethereum. In this…
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3 Examples Of How To Use Assembly In Solidity
Ethereum developers can directly use assembly in Solidity to improve the performance of their code. When OpenSea released the Seaport upgrade it reported the use of assembly reduced gas fees by 35% saving it’s users an estimated $460m per year. Today we are going to go through some simple examples of how and when to…
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Solidity for Beginners
Solidity is the programming language used to develop smart contracts on Ethereum and other compatible blockchains. In this “Solidity for Beginners” tutorial I will take you from setting up solidity tools to deploying your first contract. James On YouTube Watch On YouTube: https://youtu.be/yM6oRMdMiTM |Subscribe Tools & Setup We will be starting in Remix which is…
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SBTs 👻 | Soulbound Token Solidity Example
Soulbound tokens are non-transferable digital assets. The core concept is storing on-chain data directly relating to a specific address. This is nothing new but there is potential for a ERC SBT contract to provide a industry standard for how we manage user data. James On YouTube Watch On YouTube: https://youtu.be/yCHeHI8hUY8 |Subscribe Ethereum gas costs make…
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Solidity Interface Examples | How To Connect The Lego Bricks Of DeFi
Solidity interfaces allow developers to call external contracts from within their own smart contract. This enables us to build on top of the existing DeFi ecosystem. In this tutorial we will be looking at how solidity interfaces work and going through some example code for common tasks. James On YouTube Watch On YouTube: https://youtu.be/GWZmklp7RTg |Subscribe…
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Hardhat Plugins & Hacks For Solidity Developers
Hardhat provides a lot of features out of the box but with the addition of some 3rd party plugins and some additional code snippets we can add custom functionality to streamline our testing and migration processes. Top 3 Hardhat Plugins These plugins add a lot of functionality to make your life as a developer easier…
